一種新型軌道交通電源的浪涌電流抑制電路設計
劉佳偉,席赫,徐文婧,侯欣延,王闖
(中車大連電力牽引研發中心有限公司研究院,遼寧 大連 116052)
摘 要:由于軌道交通領域對電源的抗電磁干擾要求較高,故在輸入端裝有容量較大的濾波電容,導致開機過程中產生較大的浪涌電流。通過分析浪涌電流的產生機理,結合現有典型電路存在的不足,設計了一種新型的基于 NTC 熱敏電阻和 MOSFET 器件組合的浪涌電流抑制電路。該設計結合了兩種器件的優勢并規避了其不足,再通過仿真計算及試驗驗證了該電路抑制啟動浪涌電流效果,能夠將浪涌電流控制在額定電流的 3 倍以內,有效解決了軌道交通領域板級電源開機過程中浪涌電流較大的問題,具有較好的工程應用價值。
關鍵詞: 濾波電容;浪涌電流;熱敏電阻;MOSFET 器件
中圖分類號:TN386.1 ;TN710.2 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1007-3175(2025)08-0020-04
Design of Surge Current Suppression Circuit for a New Type of
Rail Transit Power Supply
LIU Jia-wei, XI He, XU Wen-jing, HOU Xin-yan, WANG Chuang
(CRRC Dalian R&D Co., Ltd, Dalian 116052, China)
Abstract: Due to the high requirements for electromagnetic interference(EMI) resistance in the rail transit sector, large-capacity filter capacitors are installed at the input end, which consequently generates significant surge current during the startup process. By analyzing the mechanism of surge current generation and combining the shortcomings of existing typical circuits, a new surge current suppression circuit based on a combination of negative temperature coefficient(NTC) thermistors and MOSFET devices was designed. This design combines the advantages of both devices while avoiding their shortcomings. Through simulation calculations and experimental verification, the circuit's ability to suppress surge current during startup has been validated, with surge current controlled to within three times the rated current. This effectively addresses the issue of excessive inrush current during power-on in board-level power supplies for rail transit applications, demonstrating significant engineering application value.
Key words: filter capacitor; surge current; thermistor; MOSFET device
參考文獻
[1] 馬立偉,王大龍,李京濤,等. 航空設備電源電流沖擊防護設計及分析[J]. 測控技術,2020,39(9) :124-127.
[2] 姜東升,邱羽玲. 基于 MOSFET 器件的開機浪涌電流抑制電路設計[J]. 電源技術,2019,43(7) :1216-1218.
[3] 羅明輝. 熱敏電阻在電源電路設計中的應用[J]. 河南科技,2013(5) :193-197.
[4] 張相軍,王衛,呂志偉,等. 一種啟動沖擊電流抑制電路[J]. 電機與控制學報,2011,15(6) :19-24.
[5] 張偉,張泰峰,魯偉,等. 基于 MOSFET 適用于母線開關的浪涌抑制電路[J] . 電源技術,2015,39(10) :2222-2224.
[6] 管要賓. 應用于升壓型 DC-DC 的新穎軟啟動電路的設計[J]. 電子科技,2015,28(6) :170-172.